Natural and Cultural Lost Landscape during the Holocene along the Central Tyrrhenian Coast (Italy)

Landscape evolution over the last 8000 years in three areas located along Tuscany, Latium, and Campania coasts (central Tyrrhenian) has been deduced through a morphological, stratigraphical, historical approach considering physical human activity. Between 6000 yr BP, Sea Level Rise (SLR) dominated and, near river mouths, inlets occurred. In Tuscany area, Mt. Argentario was an island to SE of Ansedonia promontory lagoon The were covered by dense forest influence negligible. 4000 humans organized settlements activities, general coastline progradation A tombolo linked mainland. Tiber areas, coastal lakes strand plain developed. 3000 Argentario, two tombolos enclosed wide lagoon. At promontory, split into smaller water bodies. delta cusps anthropogenic presence widespread forests decreased. During years, anthropic forcing increased when Etruscans Romans changed territory towns, salt pans, ports. After Roman period, natural returned dominate until birth Italian State technological evolution.